Penetration enhancing aerodynamically favorable arrowhead II

ABSTRACT

Aerodynamically favorable arrowheads such as pivotal blade arrowheads and/or blade-opening arrowheads that have a sharp cutting edge located upon their arrowhead bodies at a location forward of a corresponding main cutting blade cutting edge when in a penetrating configuration such that the arrowheads maintain favorable aerodynamic flight characteristics and cut target material in front of the main cutting blades when penetrating a target so as to eliminate the frictional drag that the otherwise dull arrowhead bodies would generate with the target before the main cutting blades began cutting target material thereinfront.

[0001] This application is a continuation of my U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 09/322,278 filed May 28, 1999 which is a continuation in partof my U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/082,636 filed May 21, 1998,which are incorporated herein by specific reference, and to whichpriority is claimed under 35 U.S.C. Section 102.

BACKGROUND

[0002] 1. Field of the Invention

[0003] This invention relates generally to arrowheads, and moreparticularly to aerodynamically favorable arrowheads such as pivotalblade arrowheads and blade-opening arrowheads that have a sharp cuttingedge located upon their arrowhead bodies at a location forward of acorresponding main cutting blade cutting edge when in a penetratingconfiguration such that each arrowhead cuts target material in front ofa corresponding main cutting blade when penetrating a target so as toeliminate the frictional drag that the otherwise dull arrowhead bodieswould generate with the target before the main cutting blades begancutting target material thereinfront.

[0004] 2. Description of Prior Art

[0005] Arrows have long been used for war, hunting and competitivesports. A conventional arrow has a shaft, a nock at one end thatreceives the bow string, an arrowhead or point that attaches to theopposite end, and fletchings. The fletchings are glued to the shaft nearthe nock end, and help to stabilize the arrow in flight by causing it torotate. Arrowheads generally have a pointed forward end, and an oppositethreaded shaft end that attaches the arrowhead to the arrow shaft.Arrowheads are also attached to the forward end of arrow shafts byglueing and other methods.

[0006] Arrowheads come in a variety of different sizes andconfigurations depending on their intended use. For example, there arespecifically designed arrowheads for competitive target shooting,shooting fish, hunting birds or small game animals, and for hunting biggame animals.

[0007] Arrowheads used for hunting kill the game animal by cutting vitalorgans such as the lungs and vascular vessels such as arteries, whichcauses rapid hemorrhaging and/or suffocation. Quick and humane kills aredependent on accurate shot placement, and upon the amount or volume ofthe animal tissue that is cut. Hunting arrowheads that cut more tissueare more lethal, and therefore are better. The volume of tissue that iscut is determined by the cutting diameter of the arrowhead, the numberof blades it contains, and by the distance the arrowhead penetrates intothe animal. The cutting diameter of an arrowhead is determined by howfar each cutting blade extends outward from the arrowhead body. Thefurther the blades extend outward the larger the cutting diameter is,and therefore the more cutting potential the arrowhead has.

[0008] A common type of arrowhead used in hunting is the fixed-bladearrowhead, which has a pointed tip end used for penetrating, andgenerally triangular shaped fixed-blades or non-pivotal blades that eachhave a razor sharp edge for cutting. Conventional fixed-blade arrowheadsblades are held in a fixed position on the arrowhead, and most suchblades are replaceable. The replaceable blades attach to the arrowheadbody in longitudinal grooves called blade slots. The tip of thearrowhead may be separably attachable to the arrowhead body or may beintegral with it. Arrowheads for hunting are generally known asbroadheads.

[0009] Another popular type of arrowhead for hunting is theblade-opening arrowhead. Blade-opening arrowheads are generally known asmechanical broadheads. Blade-opening arrowheads, like conventionalfixed-blade arrowheads generally have an elongate arrowhead body, a tipend, and a threaded opposite end. The blades of blade-opening arrowheadshave an attachment end which attaches the blades to the arrowhead bodyby a pivot pin, so that the blades can pivot or rotate in a planebetween a closed position and an open position. Blade-opening arrowheadblades are generally an elongate substantially rectangular shape andalso have a free non-attached end situated opposite the attachment end.The blades of blade-opening arrowheads are also received in blade slots,which are machined or formed into the side of the arrowhead body. Whenthe pivotal blades of blade-opening arrowheads are retracted or foldedinto the closed position, a substantial majority of each blade isgenerally housed within its corresponding blade slot. This feature givesblade-opening arrowheads the ability to attain significantly increasedaerodynamic performance over fixed-blade arrowheads, due to thesignificantly decreased exposure the retracted blades have with the airwhen the arrow is rotating while in flight. Such increased aerodynamicperformance results in the desirable features of: faster shootingarrows, flatter arrow trajectories, increased penetration energy andenhanced repeatability of accuracy, while also providing a wide diametercut in the game animal when the razor sharp blades open at impact withthe animal.

[0010] Yet another type of arrowhead used for hunting has pivotal bladesthat are exposed at a full cutting diameter position while the arrowheadis in-flight. Such arrowheads also generally achieve better aerodynamicperformance than fixed-blade arrowheads because by design each pivotalblade only attaches to a corresponding arrowhead body at a singlelocation which therefore with the substantially elongate rectangularshaped blades provides arrowheads having significantly decreased bladesurface area exposure with the air while the arrow is in-flight.

[0011] It is desirable for an arrowhead to penetrate as deep in the gameanimal as possible for maximum lethality. The less friction or drag thearrowhead generates or experiences while penetrating a target thefurther it will penetrate therethrough. The razor sharp cutting edges ofarrowheads blades greatly reduce arrowhead penetration friction byslicing with their keen edges.

[0012] A major problem associated with conventional pivotal bladearrowheads such as blade-opening arrowheads is that when in apenetrating or open position such arrowheads do not have a sharp cuttingedge exposed from their arrowhead bodies for a considerable amount oftheir length rearward of the forward leading tip end thereof. Thiscreates a significantly dull forward section of an arrowhead body, whichtherefore must be pushed or wedged into the target the distance from theleading tip end of the respective arrowhead to the cutting blade beforethe arrowhead does any cutting. Such a design generates an enormousamount of friction between the dull arrowhead body and target materialwhich unnecessarily and quickly depletes kinetic energy that could ofotherwise aided in further target penetration and therefore enhancedlethality.

[0013] It is apparent that there is a need for a pivotal blade arrowheadsuch as a blade-opening arrowhead that when in an penetrating positionhas a sharp cutting edge exposed at a location forward of the pivotalblade cutting edge so as to slice or cut target material ahead of thepivotal blade and to therefore reduce the friction and drag of thearrowhead while penetrating a target such that both penetration andlethality are maximized.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0014] It is an object of the present invention to provide anaerodynamically favorable arrowhead such as a pivotal blade arrowheadthat when in a penetrating configuration has at least a section of asharp cutting edge exposed at a location forward of a main blade cuttingedge so as to slice or cut target material ahead of the main cuttingblade and to therefore reduce the friction and drag of the arrowheadwhile penetrating a target such that both penetration and lethality aremaximized.

[0015] It is another object of the present invention to provide anaerodynamically favorable blade-opening arrowhead that when in apenetrating configuration has at least a section of a sharp cutting edgeexposed at a location forward of the pivotal blade cutting edge so as toslice or cut target material ahead of the pivotal blade and to thereforereduce the friction and drag of the arrowhead while penetrating a targetsuch that both penetration and lethality are maximized.

[0016] It is still another object of the present invention to provide anaerodynamically favorable arrowhead having a pivotal blade and afixed-blade such that when in a penetrating configuration at least asection of the sharp cutting edge of the fixed-blade is exposed at alocation forward of the pivotal blade cutting edge so as to slice or cuttarget material ahead of the pivotal blade and to therefore reduce thefriction and drag of the arrowhead while penetrating a target such thatboth penetration and lethality are maximized.

[0017] It is yet still another object of the present invention toprovide an arrowhead having a pivotal blade and an integral cuttingprotrusion with a sharp cutting edge exposed thereon such that when in apenetrating configuration at least a section of the sharp cutting edgeof the integral cutting protrusion is situated forward of the pivotalblade cutting edge so as to slice or cut target material ahead of thepivotal blade and to therefore reduce the friction and drag of thearrowhead while penetrating a target such that both penetration andlethality are maximized.

[0018] It is yet still further another object of the present inventionto provide an aerodynamically favorable arrowhead such as a pivotalblade arrowhead that when in a penetrating configuration has anarrowhead body with at least a section of a sharp cutting edge exposedtherefrom so as to be located forward of a main blade cutting edge andto slice or cut target material ahead of the main cutting blade and totherefore reduce the friction and drag of the arrowhead whilepenetrating a target such that both penetration and lethality aremaximized.

[0019] The foregoing objects and advantages and other objects andadvantages of the present invention are accomplished as according tosome of the preferred embodiments of this invention with huntingarrowheads that attach to the forward end of an arrow shaft, where aplurality of blades are pivotally connected to an arrowhead body. Whenthe blades are in a penetrating configuration a plurality of razor sharpcutting edges are exposed at a location upon corresponding arrowheadbodies forward of the pivotal blade cutting edges so as to slice or cuttarget material ahead of the pivotal blades and to therefore reduce thefriction and drag of the arrowhead while penetrating a target such thatboth penetration and lethality are maximized.

[0020] Such an arrowhead as according to one preferred embodiment ofthis invention is a blade-opening arrowhead that has a fixed-bladeremovably attachable with its arrowhead body, such that when attachedthereto at least a section of the cutting edge of the fixed-blade issituated forward of the cutting edge of a corresponding pivotal bladewhen the arrowhead is in a penetrating configuration. When the arrowheadis in an in-flight configuration the furthest perpendicular distancefrom the central longitudinal axis of the arrowhead body to the cuttingedge of the fixed-blade is less than the perpendicular distance from thecentral longitudinal axis of the arrowhead body to the furthest sectionof the pivotal blade from the central longitudinal axis. Such anarrowhead provides the excellent favorable aerodynamics inherent withblade-opening arrowheads while providing greatly enhanced penetrationover conventional blade-opening arrowheads by cutting target materialahead of the pivotal cutting blades and thereby reducing the frictionand drag that otherwise would of been generated between the arrowheadbody and the target material.

[0021] Some arrowhead preferred embodiments as according to thisinvention having fixed-blades exposed from corresponding arrowheadbodies have substantially flat or planar fixed-blades while other suchpreferred arrowhead embodiments as according to this invention havefixed-blades with bent portions which aid in their attachment orsecurement to corresponding arrowhead bodies.

[0022] Some arrowhead preferred embodiments as according to thisinvention having fixed-blades exposed from corresponding arrowheadbodies have substantially removably attachable fixed-blades whereasother such preferred arrowhead embodiments as according to thisinvention have fixed-blades integral with corresponding arrowhead bodiesthat are substantially non-removably attached by welding or othersimilar techniques to their corresponding arrowhead bodies.

[0023] Other arrowhead preferred embodiments as according to thisinvention having at least a section of a cutting edge exposed fromcorresponding arrowhead bodies at a location forward of the cutting edgeof a corresponding main cutting blade when the arrowhead is in apenetrating configuration have at least a linear section of each suchcutting edge substantially in coplanar alignment with each other whenthe arrowhead is in a penetrating configuration whereas other preferredarrowhead embodiments as according to this invention do not.

[0024] Yet other arrowhead preferred embodiments as according to thisinvention have arrowhead bodies that each have at least one integralcuffing protrusion formed therewith. Each integral cutting protrusionhas a sharp cutting edge exposed thereon such that when the arrowhead isin a penetrating configuration at least a section of the integralcutting protrusion sharp cutting edge is situated forward of the mainblade cutting edge. Such designs also provide arrowheads that slice orcut target material ahead of the pivotal blade and therefore reduce thefriction and drag of the arrowhead while penetrating a target so as tobe an improvement over the prior art.

[0025] Still other arrowhead preferred embodiments as according to thisinvention have pivotal blades that are exposed at a maximum cuttingdiameter when the arrowheads are in an in-flight configuration. Somesuch arrowheads are non-blade opening arrowheads whereas some suchothers are blade-opening arrowheads.

[0026] The arrowheads as according to the desired results and scope ofthis invention are more lethal than prior art conventional arrowheads inthat they cut target material ahead of or in front of the arrowhead maincutting blades and therefore reduce the friction and drag of thearrowhead that otherwise would of been generated between the arrowheadbody and the target material while penetrating a target such that bothpenetration and lethality are maximized.

[0027] As has been shown in the above discussion, the arrowheadsaccording to this invention overcome deficiencies inherent in prior artarrowheads.

[0028] With the above objects and advantages in view, other objects andadvantages of the invention will more readily appear as the nature ofthe invention is better understood, the invention is comprised in thenovel construction, combination and assembly of parts hereinafter morefully described, illustrated, and claimed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029]FIG. 1 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0030]FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead as illustratedin FIG. 1;

[0031]FIG. 3 is a side view of an arrowhead tip as according to thisinvention;

[0032]FIG. 4 is a side view of another arrowhead tip as according tothis invention;

[0033]FIG. 5 is a side view of an arrowhead tip coupler as according tothis invention;

[0034]FIG. 6 is a side view of an arrowhead cutting blade as accordingto this invention;

[0035]FIG. 7 is a side view of an arrowhead cutting blade as accordingto this invention;

[0036]FIG. 8 is another partial sectioned side view of the arrowhead asaccording to this invention as illustrated in FIG. 1;

[0037]FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of another arrowhead as accordingto this invention;

[0038]FIG. 10 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0039]FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead as illustratedin FIG. 10;

[0040]FIG. 12 is a partial length side view of another arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0041]FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead body of thearrowhead as illustrated in FIG. 12;

[0042]FIG. 14 is a partial length side view of another arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0043]FIG. 15 is another partial length side view of the arrowhead asillustrated in FIG. 14;

[0044]FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead as illustratedin FIG. 15;

[0045]FIG. 17 is a partial length side view of another arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0046]FIG. 18 is another partial length side view of the arrowhead asillustrated in FIG. 17;

[0047]FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead as illustratedin FIG. 18;

[0048]FIGS. 20 & 21 are cross-sectional views of other arrowheads asaccording to this invention;

[0049]FIG. 22 is a partial length partial sectioned side view of anotherarrowhead of this invention;

[0050]FIG. 23 is a top view of an annular ring as according to thisinvention;

[0051]FIG. 24 is a side view of an arrowhead cutting blade as accordingto this invention;

[0052]FIG. 25 is a partial length partial sectioned side view of anotherarrowhead of this invention;

[0053]FIG. 26 is a side view of a set screw as according to thisinvention;

[0054]FIG. 27 is a side view of a set screw as according to thisinvention;

[0055]FIG. 28 is a partial length partial sectioned side view of anotherarrowhead of this invention;

[0056]FIG. 29 is a side view of an arrowhead tip as according to thisinvention;

[0057]FIG. 30 is a side view of an arrowhead cutting blade and a setscrew as according to this invention;

[0058]FIG. 31 is a side view of an arrowhead cutting blade as accordingto this invention;

[0059]FIG. 32 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0060]FIG. 33 is a side view of a set screw as according to thisinvention;

[0061]FIG. 34 is a side view of a set screw as according to thisinvention;

[0062]FIG. 35 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0063]FIG. 36 is a side view of an arrowhead cutting blade and setscrews as according to this invention;

[0064]FIG. 37 is a side view of an arrowhead cutting blade as accordingto this invention;

[0065]FIG. 38 is a side view of an arrowhead cutting blade as accordingto this invention;

[0066]FIG. 39 is a side view of an arrowhead cutting blade as accordingto this invention;

[0067]FIG. 40 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0068]FIG. 41 is a side view of a set screw as according to thisinvention;

[0069]FIG. 42 is a side view of a set screw as according to thisinvention;

[0070]FIG. 43 is a side view of an arrowhead cutting blade and a setscrew as according to this invention;

[0071]FIG. 44 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0072]FIG. 45 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0073]FIG. 46 is a side view of an arrowhead cutting blade and a setscrew as according to this invention;

[0074]FIG. 47 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0075]FIG. 48 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0076]FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead as illustratedin FIG. 48;

[0077]FIG. 50 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead body asillustrated in FIG. 48;

[0078]FIG. 51 is a side view of an arrowhead cutting blade as accordingto this invention;

[0079]FIG. 52 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting blade asillustrated in FIG. 51;

[0080]FIG. 53 is a side view of an arrowhead tip as according to thisinvention;

[0081]FIG. 54 is an enlarged perspective view of the arrowhead cuttingblade of FIGS. 51 & 52;

[0082]FIG. 55 is a cross-sectional view an arrowhead as according tothis invention;

[0083]FIG. 56 is a cross-sectional view of a cutting blade of thearrowhead as illustrated in FIG. 55;

[0084]FIG. 57 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead body of thearrowhead as illustrated in FIG. 55;

[0085]FIG. 58 is a cross-sectional view an arrowhead as according tothis invention;

[0086]FIG. 59 is a cross-sectional view of a cutting blade of thearrowhead as illustrated in FIG. 58;

[0087]FIG. 60 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead body of thearrowhead as illustrated in FIG. 58;

[0088]FIG. 61 is a cross-sectional view an arrowhead as according tothis invention;

[0089]FIG. 62 is a cross-sectional view of a cutting blade of thearrowhead as illustrated in FIG. 61;

[0090]FIG. 63 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead body of thearrowhead as illustrated in FIG. 61;

[0091]FIG. 64 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0092]FIG. 65 is a side view of an arrowhead tip as according to thisinvention;

[0093]FIG. 66 is a cross-sectional view and a side view of a cuttingblade as according to this invention;

[0094]FIG. 67 is a partial section partial length side view of anarrowhead as according to this invention;

[0095]FIG. 68 is a cross-sectional view the arrowhead as illustrated inFIG. 64;

[0096]FIG. 69 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead body of thearrowhead as illustrated in FIG. 64;

[0097] FIGS. 70-75 are cross-sectional views of other arrowheads asaccording to this invention;

[0098]FIG. 76 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0099]FIGS. 77&78 are exploded partial section partial length side viewsof an arrowhead as according to this invention;

[0100]FIG. 79 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead as illustratedin FIG. 76;

[0101]FIG. 80 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead body of thearrowhead as illustrated in FIG. 76;

[0102]FIGS. 81 & 82 are a cross-sectional view and a side view of acutting blade as according to this invention;

[0103] FIGS. 82-85 are cross-sectional views of other arrowheads asaccording to this invention;

[0104]FIG. 86 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0105]FIG. 87 is an exploded partial sectioned side view of thearrowhead as illustrated in FIG. 86;

[0106]FIG. 88 is an exploded partial length side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0107]FIG. 89 is a side view of a cutting blade as according to thisinvention;

[0108]FIG. 90 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0109]FIG. 91 is a top view of an arrowhead as according to thisinvention;

[0110]FIG. 92 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead tip of thearrowhead as illustrated in FIG. 91;

[0111]FIG. 93 is a top view of an arrowhead as according to thisinvention;

[0112]FIG. 94 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead tip of thearrowhead as illustrated in FIG. 93;

[0113]FIG. 95 is a cross-sectional view of an arrowhead tip as accordingto this invention;

[0114]FIG. 96 is a top view of an arrowhead as according to thisinvention;

[0115]FIG. 97 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead tip of thearrowhead as illustrated in FIG. 96;

[0116]FIG. 98 is a top view of an arrowhead as according to thisinvention;

[0117]FIG. 99 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead tip of thearrowhead as illustrated in FIG. 98;

[0118] FIGS. 100-102 are top views of arrowheads as according to thisinvention;

[0119] FIGS. 103-105 are cross-sectional views of arrowhead tips asaccording to this invention;

[0120]FIG. 106 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0121]FIG. 107 is a side view of an arrowhead tip as according to thisinvention;

[0122]FIG. 108 is a side view of a cutting blade as according to thisinvention;

[0123]FIG. 109 is a side view of an arrowhead cutting blade and a setscrew as according to this invention;

[0124]FIG. 110 is a cross-sectional view of an arrowhead body asaccording to this invention;

[0125]FIG. 111 is a cross-sectional view of an arrowhead as according tothis invention;

[0126]FIG. 112 is a side view of a cutting blade as according to thisinvention;

[0127]FIG. 113 is a side view of an arrowhead tip as according to thisinvention;

[0128]FIG. 114 is a cross-sectional view of an arrowhead as according tothis invention;

[0129]FIG. 115 is a side view of a cutting blade as according to thisinvention;

[0130]FIG. 116 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0131] FIGS. 117-121 are side views of cutting blades as according tothis invention;

[0132]FIG. 122 is a side view of a set screw as according to thisinvention;

[0133]FIG. 123 is a cross-sectional view of an arrowhead as according tothis invention;

[0134]FIGS. 124 & 125 are side views of cutting blades as according tothis invention;

[0135]FIG. 126 is a cross-sectional view of an arrowhead as according tothis invention;

[0136]FIGS. 127 & 128 are side views of cutting blades as according tothis invention;

[0137]FIG. 129 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0138]FIG. 130 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0139]FIG. 131 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0140]FIGS. 132 & 133 are side views of cutting blades as according tothis invention;

[0141]FIGS. 134 & 135 are side views of set screws as according to thisinvention;

[0142]FIG. 136 is a side view of a cutting blade as according to thisinvention;

[0143]FIG. 137 is a top view of an annular ring as according to thisinvention;

[0144]FIG. 138 is a cross-sectional view of an arrowhead as according tothis invention;

[0145]FIG. 139 is a side view of a cutting blade as according to thisinvention;

[0146]FIG. 140 is a cross-sectional view of an arrowhead as according tothis invention;

[0147]FIG. 141 is a side view of a cutting blade as according to thisinvention;

[0148] FIGS. 142-149 are partial sectioned side views of arrowheads asaccording to this invention;

[0149]FIG. 150 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead as illustratedin FIG. 149;

[0150] FIGS. 151-162 are cross-sectional views of arrowheads asaccording to this invention;

[0151]FIG. 163 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0152]FIG. 164 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead as illustratedin FIG. 163;

[0153] FIGS. 165-180 are cross-sectional views of arrowheads asaccording to this invention;

[0154]FIG. 181 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0155]FIG. 182 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead as illustratedin FIG. 181;

[0156]FIG. 183 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0157]FIG. 184 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead as illustratedin FIG. 183;

[0158]FIG. 185 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention;

[0159]FIG. 186 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead as illustratedin FIG. 185;

[0160] FIGS. 187-193 are cross-sectional views of arrowheads asaccording to this invention;

[0161]FIG. 194 is a partial sectioned side view of an arrowhead asaccording to this invention; and

[0162]FIG. 195 is a cross-sectional view of the arrowhead as illustratedin FIG. 194.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0163] FIGS. 1-8 illustrate a blade-opening arrowhead 200 as accordingto one preferred embodiment of this invention. Arrowhead 200 has aforward leading end 1090, a plurality of three pivotal cutting blades900 and a plurality of three fixed cutting blades 300. Each fixedcutting blade 300 has a cutting edge 400 that is substantially incoplanar alignment with a cutting edge 950 of a corresponding pivotalblade 900 when arrowhead 200 is in a penetrating configuration, as isillustrated in FIG. 1. As is also illustrated in FIG. 1 each cuttingedge 400 is not in collinear orientation or alignment with acorresponding cutting edge 950 that it is coplanar with. Each cuttingedge 950 has a pair of grind bevels 952 such as is first ground oncutting blades in a strip grinding process as is well known to thoseskilled in the art. It is apparent that grind bevels 952 may have honebevels as well, such as substantially convex hone bevels as isattainable with frustuconical grinding wheels. As also illustrated inFIG. 1 cutting edges 400 of blades 300 are located rearward of leadingforward end 1090 of arrowhead 200.

[0164] Arrowhead 200 has a removably attachable arrowhead tip 800 thathas a plurality of three facets 850, and a plurality of three facetboundary cutting edges 870 each of which is also substantially incoplanar alignment with both a corresponding cutting edge 400 and acorresponding cutting edge 950 when arrowhead 200 is in a penetratingconfiguration. Arrowhead tip 800 is preferably a hollow ground trocartip or chisel type bone-splitting tip as is well known in the industry.It is apparent that facets 850 may be substantially convex or flat.Although arrowhead tip 800 is depicted as having a greatestcross-sectional diameter that is not wider than the cross-sectionaldiameter of an arrowhead body 600 where the rear end of tip 800 abutsthereagainst when the arrowhead is assembled, it is apparent that thearrowhead tips as according to this invention may have greatestcross-sectional diameters that are wider than the cross-sectionaldiameter of an accompanying arrowhead body at which the rear end of sucha tip abuts thereagainst or adjoins therewith. Such wider arrowhead tipgreatest cross-sectional diameters may be found in a barrel section ofthe arrowhead tip and/or in a facet region thereof It is apparent thatsuch wider diameter or cross-sectional arrowhead tips may be integralwith their corresponding arrowhead bodies.

[0165] As is illustrated in FIG. 8 when arrowhead 200 is in an in-flightconfiguration a furthest section 1072 of each cutting edge 400 from acentral longitudinal axis 1200 of arrowhead 200 is closer to centrallongitudinal axis 1200 than a furthest section 1074 of each pivotalblade 900. This provides for an aerodynamically favorable arrowhead asis according to the desired results of this invention. Furthermore, asis illustrated in FIG. 1 when pivotal blades 900 are in a fully openposition such that arrowhead 200 is in a penetrating configuration,cutting edges 400 are located forward of cutting edges 950 such thatcutting edges 400 will slice or cut target material in front of blades900 which greatly reduces the frictional drag that otherwise would ofbeen generated between arrowhead 200 and the target material or theobject being penetrated, as is according to the desired resultsenvisioned by this invention.

[0166] It is apparent that arrowheads as according to this invention ofa necessity do not have to have furthest sections 1072 or equivalents ofpenetration enhancing forward leading cutting edges such as cuttingedges 400 located at a distance closer to the central longitudinal axisof their corresponding arrowhead bodies than furthest sections 1074 orequivalents of each pivotal blade or main cutting blade when in anin-flight configuration to provide arrowheads having favorable flightaerodynamics and enhanced penetration characteristics as according tothe desired results of this invention.

[0167] As is also illustrated in FIG. 1 section 1072 of each cuttingedge 400 is further from central longitudinal axis 1200 of arrowhead 200than a widest section 1076 of arrowhead body 600 that is locatedrearward of cutting edges 400. This provides an arrowhead that cutstarget material in front of the main cutting blades at a cuttingdiameter that is wider than the arrowhead body's widest cross-sectionaldiameter, so as to immediately open a wide wound channel for thearrowhead body, main cutting blades and arrowshaft to effortlesslyfollow, as is within the scope of the desired results of this invention.

[0168] Arrowhead 200 has an arrowshaft contacting surface 1080 as isillustrated in FIG. 8 such that when arrowhead 200 or the otherarrowheads as according to this invention are attached to an arrowshaftwhether by screwing thereon or glueing or etc., arrowshaft contactingsurface 1080 contacts the arrowshaft or equivalent such as an arrowshaftinsert. As is clearly illustrated in FIGS. 1 & 8 the rearward mostsection 1072 of each cutting edge 400 is situated upon arrowhead 200 ata location closer to forward leading end 1090 than to arrowshaftcontacting surface 1080. Each pivotal blade 900 has a wing 970 thatextends therefrom in a direction outwardly from arrowhead body 600 whenarrowhead 200 is in an in-flight or closed retracted configuration as isillustrated in FIG. 8. Wings 970 serve to increase the moment-arm forlevering blades 900 from their folded-up closed position when beginningto rotate towards an open position.

[0169] It is apparent that arrowhead 200 or other arrowheads asaccording to this invention could be shot from an archery bow when in anopen position such as is depicted in FIG. 1 so as to simultaneouslyachieve both the favorable aerodynamic and enhanced penetration desiredresults as according to this invention. Such performance objectives areachievable with an arrowhead similar to arrowhead 200 since pivotalblades 900 have a relatively minor exposed surface area when in an openconfiguration, as compared to that of conventional fixed-blade arrowheadblades. Thus when shot in an open position such pivotal blade arrowheadsas according to this invention would have accurate and favorable flightcharacteristics like unto other non blade-opening pivotal bladearrowheads, as is known to those skilled in the art, while alsoachieving improved penetration over prior art conventional arrowheads.

[0170] Although not specifically illustrated in this specification, itis apparent that the various elements, designs and functional objectiveresults of the arrowheads as according to this invention and of thosearrowheads incorporated herein by specific reference are applicable toblade-opening arrowheads whose blades rotate in a forwarddirection—toward the forward leading end of the arrowhead—when rotatingto an open position or a penetrating configuration upon impact of atarget or application of an opening force. For example, such arrowheadsas that which have plunger shafts, wedging cams and/or other componentsthat have movement in an axial or elongate direction relative to anaccompanying arrowshaft, or other arrowhead components whether attacheddirectly to a cutting blade or not, are within the scope of thearrowheads as according to this invention. As a specific example, awedge cam with a tip end exposed from an accompanying arrowhead bodywhen such an arrowhead is in a penetrating configuration could have acutting blade or cutting edge such as cutting edge 400 thereon so as tocut target material in front of a main arrowhead cutting blade and totherefore achieve the increased penetration and reduced frictional dragdesired results of this invention.

[0171] FIGS. 1-3 & 6 illustrate in detail how fixed-blades 300 areremovably attached to arrowhead 200. Arrowhead body 600 of arrowhead 200has a blade slot 750 for each pivotal blade 900, a blade slot 700 foreach fixed-blade 300, an internal leg cavity 686, an internal threadedcylinder or bore 674 and a washer 670. Each fixed-blade 300 has a pairof grind bevels 402-402 (which may also comprise hone bevels as is knowto those skilled art), a pair of opposing substantially parallel sidesurfaces or faces 406, a leg 404 and a forward locking end 408. Inaddition to facets 850 arrowhead tip 800 has a shaft 830, an undercutlocking surface 843 and an undercut locking cavity 842. Each fixed-blade300 is placed in its corresponding slot 700 such that when arrowhead tip800 is screwed into arrowhead body 600 locking ends 408 of blades 300seat into undercut locking cavity 842 and abut against undercut lockingsurface 843 and against shaft 830 of arrowhead tip 800 which firmlyattaches blades 300 to arrowhead 200.

[0172] It is apparent that the method and/or manners of attaching orproviding a friction reducing forward leading cutting edge or apenetration enhancing cutting edge such as a cutting edge 400 to or withthe arrowheads of this invention is of relatively minor importance tothe scope of this invention. As will become apparent from thisspecification and its parent patent application incorporated herein byspecific reference there are many and various suitable manners toprovide a cutting edge that is configured such upon its correspondingarrowhead body so as to cut target material in front of a main arrowheadcutting blade such as a pivotal blade of a blade-opening arrowhead so asto achieve the increased penetration and reduced frictional drag desiredresults of this invention. Therefore, it is apparent that any method orthe like for providing an arrowhead with a cutting edge that achievesthe objectives and desired results of this invention is within the scopeof this invention.

[0173] As illustrated in FIG. 1 arrowhead 200 has an annular blade ring1000 which hingedly or pivotally connects each blade 900 to arrowheadbody 600, an annular notch ring 1020 and an annular compression spring1030. Annular compression spring 1030 urges annular ring 1020 into asecond notch of each blade 900 when arrowhead 200 is in an open orpenetrating configuration such as FIG. 1 depicts. Whereas, asillustrated in FIG. 8 annular compression spring 1030 urges annular ring1020 into a first notch of each blade 900 when arrowhead 200 is in anin-flight or retracted configuration so as to retain each blade 900 insuch position until acted upon by an opening force.

[0174] The arrowheads according to this invention having pivotal bladesmay be blade-opening arrowheads which are commonly known in the industryas mechanical broadheads, or may be non blade-opening arrowheads. It isapparent that the method of selectively retaining a pivotal blade of ablade-opening arrowhead in a closed or in-flight retracted position isof relatively minor significance to this invention. For example, asillustrated in FIG. 8 each blade 900 is biasedly flexed or camed againsta corresponding fixed-blade 300 when arrowhead 200 is in a closed orin-flight configuration. This flexing could be used at least in part toselectively hold or retain pivotal blades 900 or other pivotal blades ina retracted or closed in-flight position or configuration.

[0175] As is particularly illustrated in FIGS. 1 & 8 washer 670 has ablade stop abutting surface 680 which serves to limit the rotation ofblades 900 when expanded to the open position or penetratingconfiguration so as to define the cutting diameter of the arrowhead. Itis apparent that the arrowheads as according this invention may havevarying types of blade stop structures such as washer 670 which serve toprovide the functions of limiting the rotation of corresponding pivotalblades by abutting thereagainst, lessening the impact forces deliveredto the hinge pin(s) and preventing undesirable damage to accompanyingarrowshafts and/or other arrowhead structures. For example, the pivotalblades as according to this invention may abut against integrallyattached or formed sections of corresponding arrowhead bodies,substantially flat blade stop washers or recessed blade stop washerslike unto washer 670. Preferably the blade stop washers or equivalentsas according to this invention are hardened sufficiently such as bycaborizing, case hardening or other heat treating or hardeningtechniques so as to not substantially be damaged by the impacting bladesduring target penetration, such as when the blades collide with heavybone of a large game animal.

[0176]FIG. 7 illustrates a fixed-blade 302 which is similar tofixed-blade 300 except blade 302 has a curved section 410 that fitssnugly with the curvature of slots 700. As is illustrated in FIG. 5 anarrowhead tip 802 with a threaded female cavity 820 could be used inplace of tip 800 by the addition of an arrowhead tip coupler 868.

[0177] As is best illustrated in FIG. 2 slots 700 are narrower thanslots 750 and a slot 700 and a corresponding adjacent slot 750 are bothsubstantially radially aligned with central longitudinal axis 1200 ofarrowhead 200, and are in parallel alignment with each other, such thatan elongate line parallel to central longitudinal axis 1200simultaneously intersects both a slot 700 and its corresponding pairedor adjacent slot 750 as is according to the desired results of some ofthe preferred arrowhead embodiments of this invention. Each blade slot750 of arrowhead 200 has a pair of partially bounding opposing sidewalls753 that each extend to an exposed exterior corner 757 at theconjunction of sidewalls 753 with the exterior surface of arrowhead body600 as is illustrated in FIGS. 1 & 2. As according to this invention ablade slot generally includes its bounding sidewalls.

[0178]FIG. 9 illustrates an arrowhead 200 b which is similar toarrowhead 200 except that arrowhead 200 b has a plurality of slots 751for pivotal blades 900 to be received therein which are non-radiallyaligned with respect to central longitudinal axis 1200 and a pluralityof similarly non-radially aligned slots 702 for fixed-blades 300 to bereceived therein. It is apparent that there are various manners for theblade slots as according to this invention to be configured upon theircorresponding arrowhead bodies such as to provide arrowheads thatperform within the scope of this invention.

[0179] For example, FIGS. 10 & 11 illustrate an arrowhead 201 that issimilar to arrowhead 200 except arrowhead 201 has a plurality of bladeslots 706 for removably receiving a plurality of fixed-blades 304 thatare each substantially the same thickness of a pivotal blade 900. Eachblade slot 706 is substantially a part of a corresponding slot 750 sinceslots 706 & 750 communicate with each other, wherein a slot 706 and aslot 750 could be fabricated from the same circular slitting saw bytwo-dimensional plunge slotting procedures.

[0180]FIGS. 12 & 13 illustrate an arrowhead 202 that is similar toarrowhead 200 except arrowhead 202 has a female cavity screw onarrowhead tip 802 as is clearly illustrated in FIG. 4, a plurality offixed-blade slots 704 and a plurality of hollow cylinders 676 (as isbest seen in the cross-sectional view of the arrowhead body thereof inFIG. 13) for receiving legs 404 of accompanying fixed-blades therein. Itis apparent that the various structural variations that produce bladesslots such as blade slots housing forward leading penetration enhancingfixed blades as according to this invention or their equivalents may becombined in various different manners one amongst another including incombinations that are not necessarily depicted in this specification soas to obtain the desired results of this invention.

[0181] FIGS. 14-16 illustrate an arrowhead 203 that is similar toarrowhead 200 except arrowhead 203 has a plurality of fixed-blade slots708 that are contained or situated within corresponding adjoining slots750 such that each slot 708 is substantially non-equidistantly displacedfrom opposing elongate sidewalls of its corresponding slot 750. As isillustrated in FIG. 16 each slot 708 and corresponding slot 750 areparallely aligned with each other such that slots 750 are radiallyaligned with the central longitudinal axis of arrowhead 203 but slots708 are non-radially aligned therewith.

[0182] Radial alignment in contrast to non-radial alignment generallyrefers to the geometric orientation or positioning of an element withrespect to a radial line extending outward from a central longitudinalaxis of a reference object such as an arrowhead body or an arrowhead.With reference to blade slots, a plane parallel to opposing sidewalls ofa corresponding blade slot that is equidistantly displaced between suchsidewalls such that the plane is substantially in coplanar alignmentwith the central longitudinal axis of an accompanying arrowheadgenerally constitutes a radially aligned blade slot, whereas such aplane that is not substantially in coplanar alignment with the centrallongitudinal axis of an accompanying arrowhead generally constitutes anon-radially aligned blade slot. It is apparent that such definition isallowed to fluctuate within the realm of attainable manufacturingtolerances so that the intent of the arrowhead design should generallydictate radial versus non-radial orientations thereof.

[0183] FIGS. 17-19 illustrate an arrowhead 204 that is similar toarrowhead 200 except arrowhead 204 has a plurality of fixed-blade slots710 such that each fixed-blade slot 710 is situated at a distance spacedapart from its corresponding adjacent slot 750. As is illustrated inFIG. 19 each slot 710 and corresponding adjacent slot 750 are parallelyaligned with each other such that slots 750 are radially aligned withthe central longitudinal axis of arrowhead 204 but slots 710 arenon-radially aligned therewith.

[0184]FIGS. 20 & 21 illustrate an arrowhead 205 and an arrowhead 206which are similar to arrowhead 200 except that both arrowheads 205 and206 have fixed-blade slots that are spaced apart from correspondingadjacent main cutting blade slots 750 such that their fixed-blade slotsare radially aligned with corresponding arrowhead central longitudinalaxises and their fixed-blade slots are not in parallel alignment withcorresponding adjacent slots 750.

[0185] FIGS. 22-24 illustrate an arrowhead 207 which is similar toarrowhead 204 except that arrowhead 207 has a plurality of fixed-blades306 attached to an arrowhead body 608 having an externally exposedannular recess 782 formed thereon for removably receiving an annularring 1050 which aids in the securement of blades 306 to arrowhead body608. Externally exposed annular recess 782 comprises a lip 784 whichaids in maintaining annular ring 1050 attached to arrowhead body 608 soas to perform its function. It is apparent that annular ring 1050 couldbe either compressed to a narrower diameter or expanded to a widerdiameter when seated in recess 782 as compared to its non-attached orfree diameter.

[0186] FIGS. 25-27 illustrate an arrowhead 208 which is similar toarrowhead 207 except that arrowhead 208 utilizes a plurality ofpartially threaded set screws 1004 that each screw into a through hole786 a in an arrowhead body 610 which aids in the securement of blades300 to arrowhead body 610. As is illustrated in FIG. 27 it is apparentthat a fully threaded set screw 1002 could be used in place of set screw1004.

[0187] FIGS. 28-30 illustrate an arrowhead 209 which has an arrowheadbody 612, a female arrowhead tip 802 and a plurality of fixed-blades 308each having an aperture 450 sized so as to removable receive a set screwsuch as set screw 1004 therein. Arrowhead body 612 has a threadedthrough hole for receiving each set screw 1004 which attaches blades 308to arrowhead 209 each within a blade slot 716. As is illustrated in FIG.31 from a fixed-blade 310 with a forward locking end 416 it is apparentthat the forward locking ends of the fixed-blades as according to thisinvention may have any shape such that enables them to be secured totheir corresponding arrowhead tips or arrowhead bodies or equivalents.

[0188] FIGS. 32-34 illustrate an arrowhead 210 which is similar toarrowhead 200 except that arrowhead 210 utilizes a plurality ofpartially threaded set screws 1010 for pivotally connecting a pluralityof three pivotal blades 902 to an arrowhead body 614, and a conventionalrubber O-ring 1040 for selectively retaining blades 902 in an in-flightconfiguration until acted upon by an opening force. Blades 902 are of alength such that each cutting edge 950 thereof is displaced rearward ofits corresponding adjacent fixed-blade 300 such that blades 902 andblades 300 do not biasly flex against each other when the arrowhead isin an in-flight configuration as is illustrated in FIG. 32. Arrowheadbody 614 has an arrowshaft contacting surface 1082 that is integral orsubstantially non-removably attached with arrowhead body 614 and a bladestop abutting surface 682 for each blade 902. Blade stop abuttingsurfaces 682 are also integral with arrowhead body 614.

[0189] It is apparent that the arrowhead tips of the arrowheads asaccording to this invention may be removable attachable from theircorresponding arrowhead bodies such as having internal female threadedbores or externally protruding threaded male studs. It is apparent thatthe arrowhead tips of the arrowheads as according to this invention maybe substantially non-removably attached to corresponding arrowheadbodies such as being frictionally press-fitted thereon, welded or gluedon. It is also apparent that the arrowhead tips of the arrowheads asaccording to this invention may be substantially integrally formed withtheir corresponding arrowhead bodies, such as substantially being amachined or milled forward extending section of an accompanyingarrowhead body that for example, is fabricated from a single piece ofmetal stock.

[0190] FIGS. 35-37 illustrate an arrowhead 211 which has an arrowheadtip 804 integrally formed with an arrowhead body 616. Arrowhead 211 hasa plurality of three fixed-blade slots 720 formed thereon, a pair offixed-blades 312 which are substantially non-removably attached theretoby welding or other similar result producing techniques, and afixed-blade 318 attached thereto by a pair of set screws 1006 removablyreceived through a pair of apertures 452 when threaded into a pair ofthrough holes 786 b formed in arrowhead 211. FIGS. 38 & 39 illustratefixed-blades 314 & 316 which are at least in part similar to blades 312& 318 and as is also their methods of attachment to correspondingarrowhead bodies, except that blades 314 & 316 have forward lockingprotrusions 418 projecting forwardly therefrom. It is apparent that avoid such as a milled out hollow cylinder could be formedcommunicatingly with each slot 720 so as to matingly receive forwardlocking protrusions 418 when blades 314 & 316 or other similar bladedesigns having forward locking protrusions or equivalents as accordingto this invention are attached with accompanying arrowhead bodies orarrowhead tips, particularly with arrowheads having arrowhead tipssubstantially integrally formed with their corresponding arrowheadbodies or other arrowhead structure such as has arrowhead 211.

[0191] FIGS. 40-44 illustrate an arrowhead 212 and an arrowhead 213 bothof which utilize a plurality of pivotal blades 320 to provide frictionreducing forward leading cutting edges 400 as according to thepenetration enhancement desired results of this invention. Each blade320 is pivotally connected to corresponding arrowhead bodies by a hingepin 1008 within corresponding slots (a plurality of slots 722 ofarrowhead 212 and a plurality of slots 724 of arrowhead 213) as has beenillustrated herein with forgoing preferred embodiments.

[0192] FIGS. 45-47 illustrate an arrowhead 214 which is similar toarrowhead 212 except that arrowhead 214 utilizes a plurality of pivotalblades 322 to provide friction reducing forward leading cutting edges400 for penetration enhancement. As is illustrated in FIG. 45 by aid ofa line 1070 which is parallel to the central longitudinal axis ofarrowhead 214, when arrowhead 214 is in an in-flight configurationfurthest section 1072 of each cutting edge 400 from the centrallongitudinal axis of arrowhead 214 is closer to the central longitudinalaxis of arrowhead 214 than furthest section 1074 of each pivotal blade902. This provides for an aerodynamically favorable and penetrationenhancing arrowhead as is according to this invention. FIG. 47illustrates blades 902 rotated to their fully open position and abuttingagainst integral blade stop surfaces 682.

[0193] FIGS. 48-54 illustrate an arrowhead 215 which is similar toarrowhead 210 except that arrowhead 215 utilizes a plurality offixed-blades 324 that each have a bent portion or a flange 470, anarrowhead tip 810, and an arrowhead body 624 with a plurality of threefixed-blade slots 726 each having a thickness or a width of at leasttwice the thickness of a blade 324. Arrowhead tip 810 has an undercutlocking cavity 844 and an undercut locking surface 845. Locking surface845 engages or abuts against a square stepped forward locking end 420 ofeach blade 324 when the arrowhead is assembled so as to aid in thesecurement of blades 324 to arrowhead body 624. As is clearlyillustrated in FIG. 49 bent portion 470 of each blade 324 is housedwithin a neighboring slot 726 that is spaced apart from the slot 726 therest of the particular blade 324 is housed within. As is illustrated inFIGS. 51 & 54 each blade 324 has a pair of opposing exterior surfaces orside faces which are depicted as 480, 490 & 480, 490 for each blade 324respectively, and which are distinct from a blade edge 401 extendingperipherally thereabout. Peripheral blade edge 401 includes grind bevels402402 and cutting edge 400. Each exterior side face 480 issubstantially flat or planar as is each exterior side face 490, howeversince flange 470 is bent, exterior side faces 490 are not in coplanaralignment with exterior sides faces 480 but are offset therefrom bysubstantially 120 degrees. Bent portions 470 by being housed inneighboring spaced apart slots 726 aid in the securement of blades 324to arrowhead body 624 when the arrowhead is assembled.

[0194] FIGS. 55-61 illustrate arrowheads 216-218 which are similar toarrowhead 215 except that arrowheads 216-218 have fixed-blades withangular offsets between exterior side faces 480 & 490 that differ fromthe angular offset between exterior side faces 480 & 490 of blades 324.Arrowhead 217 has a plurality of four blades 328 each with an angularoffset between exterior side faces 480 & 490 of substantially 90degrees, and arrowhead 218 has a plurality of five blades 330 each withan angular offset between exterior side faces 480 & 490 of substantially72 degrees. Arrowhead 216 has a plurality of two blades 326 each with anangular offset between exterior side faces 480 & 490 such that a face490 of each blade 326 abuts against each other when aiding in thesecurement of blades 326 to the arrowhead.

[0195] FIGS. 64-68 illustrate an arrowhead 219 which is similar toarrowhead 215 except that arrowhead 219 has a plurality of hollowcylinders 678 each communicating with a blade slot 728 that togetherhouse or secure a plurality of fixed-blades 332 to an arrowhead body626. Arrowhead body 626 has a male stud 788 b that threadably receives afemale tip 812 thereon. Bent flange 470 of each blade 332 is received ina corresponding hollow cylinder 678 as is illustrated in FIG. 67. As isillustrated in FIG. 68 a central elongate axis 1070 of each cylinder 678is spaced apart from a central longitudinal axis 1060 of arrowhead body626 so as to not be collinear therewith.

[0196]FIGS. 69 & 70 illustrate arrowheads 220 & 221 which are similar toarrowhead 219 except arrowheads 220 & 221 differ in number of blades 332and corresponding hollow cylinders 678.

[0197]FIGS. 71 & 72 illustrate an arrowhead 224 which is similar toarrowhead 219 except that arrowhead 224 has a plurality of narrowerdiameter hollow cylinders 684 and a plurality of corresponding differentshaped blades 334 to snugly fit therewith.

[0198] FIGS. 73-75 illustrate arrowheads 222 & 223 which are similar toarrowhead 219 except arrowheads 222 & 223 utilize a male threaded studarrowhead tip 814.

[0199] FIGS. 76-82 illustrate an arrowhead 225 which is similar toarrowhead 215 except that arrowhead 225 has a centrally located hollowcylinder 687 that communicates with a plurality of blade slots 730 thattogether secure a plurality of fixed blades 336 to an arrowhead body628. Hollow cylinder 687 is bound at least in part by an internal wallsurface 688 as is illustrated in FIG. 80. As is illustrated in FIG. 79shaft 830 of arrowhead tip 814 is disposed in cylinder 687 when thearrowhead is assembled so that bent portion 470 of each blade 336 islocated between shaft 830 and internal wall 688 which aids in theattachment or securement of blades 336 to arrowhead body 628.

[0200] FIGS. 83-85 illustrate arrowheads 226-228 which are similar toarrowhead 225 except arrowheads 226-228 differ in the number of blades336 contained therewith.

[0201]FIGS. 86 & 87 illustrate an arrowhead 229 having an upperarrowhead body piece 630 b and a lower body piece 630 a that threadablyattach to each other in such a manner so as to secure a plurality ofblades 338 into a plurality of corresponding blade slots 730 and toprovide an arrowhead that achieves the desired results as according tothis invention.

[0202]FIG. 88 illustrates an arrowhead 230 which is similar to arrowhead229 except that arrowhead 230 removably receives male tip 814 whereasarrowhead 229 utilizes female tip 810 and arrowhead 230 utilizes aplurality of fixed-blades 340 each having a beveled locking end 405 thatis seated in-line with a locking bevel 734 of an upper arrowhead bodypiece 632 b thereof when assembled into an arrowhead. FIG. 89illustrates a fixed-blade 342 which is similar to fixed-blade 340 exceptthat fixed-blade 342 has a bent flange 470 for additional aid insecurement of blades 342 to an accompanying arrowhead as has been setforth herein.

[0203]FIG. 90 illustrates an arrowhead 231 having a removably attachableblade stop washer 673 and an arrowhead body 634 with a plurality ofinclined slots 758 and a plurality of inclined slots 736 to receive aplurality of blades 902 and a plurality of blades 300 respectively.Blades 300 and 902 are inclined relative to central longitudinal axis1200 of arrowhead 231 in such a manner that a cutting edge 400 and acutting edge 950 of corresponding paired or adjacent blades 902 and 300are in substantial coplanar alignment with each other and causearrowhead 231 to spin when penetrating a target. As illustrated in FIG.90 blades 902 abut against a slightly beveled abutting surface 683 of asubstantially flat blade stop washer 673. It is apparent that arrowheadshaving spin inducing capacities as according to this invention such aswhen penetrating a substance or when in-flight, such as arrowhead 231,may have any type of blade stop abutting surface or blade stop washer orequivalent as has been set forth herein, or as in known to those skilledin the art.

[0204]FIGS. 91 & 92 illustrate an arrowhead 232 which is similar toarrowhead 231 except that arrowhead 232 has facet boundaries 870substantially in-line with cutting edges 400 and 950. Arrowhead 232 likearrowhead 231 when penetrating a target spins counter clockwise whenviewed from above, or right handedly when viewed from the side. FIG. 92in particular illustrates that a facet exterior surface 850 b on oneside of each facet boundary 870 has substantially the same slope atdistances equidistantly displaced from facet boundary 870 as does afacet exterior surface 850 a on an opposing side of facet boundary 870.

[0205] FIGS. 93-105 illustrate arrowheads 233-238 which are similar toarrowhead 232 in that arrowheads 233-238 each have inclined blades toinduce spinning upon target penetration but differ in varying mannersfrom arrowhead 232 as will be set forth herebelow.

[0206] Arrowhead 233 as illustrated in FIG. 93 has a plurality ofnon-linear or curved facet boundaries 874 that curve in a clockwisedirection when viewed from above. The arrowhead tip of arrowhead 233 hasa facet exterior surface 854 b on one side of each facet boundary 874that has a substantially different slope than the slope of a facetexterior surface 854 a on an opposing side of each facet boundary 874 asis illustrated in FIG. 94. Particularly, as illustrated in FIG. 94 facetexterior surface 854 b has a more dished out or concave slope than doesfacet exterior surface 854 a. It is apparent that facet exteriorsurfaces 854 a & 854 b or other similar facet exterior surfaces of thisinvention as illustrated in FIG. 94 could be reversed so as to be suchas is illustrated in FIG. 95. It is apparent that facet exteriorsurfaces 854 a & 854 b or other similar facets of this invention thathave differing slopes on opposing sides of corresponding facetboundaries could have convex facets, or at least a section thereof thatis substantially convex.

[0207] When arrowhead 233 is penetrating a target such as a game animalfacet exterior surfaces 854 a & 854 b create differing resistive forcesdue to their differing slopes or shapes which induces a net rotationalforce in a particular direction upon arrowhead 233 so as to cause it toturn or spin about its central longitudinal axis. Such rotational forcecan induce an increased spinning effect upon the arrowhead if aligned inthe same direction as the spinning force produced from the inclinedblades, or it can produce a braking effect if directed in opposition tothe spin induced force of the inclined blades. Blades 902 & 300 induceclockwise spinning upon arrowhead 233 when viewed from above or lefthanded spinning when viewed from the side. It is apparent that thevarious spin or braking inducing designs of the various embodiments ofthis invention may be combined with each other and with the variousdifferent arrowheads as according to this invention, as well as withother such result producing arrowheads know to those skilled in the art,including in manners that have not been suggested herein, such as withembodiments taught in my U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/858,096filed May 17, 1997 which is incorporated herein by specific reference.

[0208] Arrowhead 234 as illustrated in FIG. 96 has a plurality ofnon-linear or curved facet boundaries 876 that curve in a counterclockwise direction when viewed from above, and the facet exteriorsurfaces of a plurality of facets 858 thereof have substantially thesame slope on opposing sides of each facet boundary 876. It is alsoapparent that curved facet boundaries such as facet boundaries 874 & 876can also induce or enhance spinning or braking in and of themselves byproviding a drill-bit effect when penetrating target material.

[0209] Arrowhead 235 as illustrated in FIG. 98 has a plurality of linearor non-curved facet boundaries 890 such that a facet exterior surface860 b on one side of each facet boundary 890 has a substantiallydifferent slope than the slope of a facet exterior surface 860 a on anopposing side of facet boundary 890 as is illustrated in FIG. 99. Theterm linear as used herein refers to being straight, such as a straightline.

[0210] Arrowhead 236 as illustrated in FIG. 100 has a plurality of threefacets 862, and a plurality of non-radially aligned linear facetboundaries 892 that terminate in a forward leading end 1092 thereof. Itis apparent that forward end 1092 may have a variety of different shapesincluding flat, concave, convex, pointed or such so as to be sharpenedfor cutting, chiseling or wedging. Blades 902 of arrowhead 236 aresubstantially non-radially aligned with the central longitudinal axis ofarrowhead 236 which can enhance either the spinning or braking effectsthereof depending on the directions the other spin inducing forces aredirected thereon. Arrowhead tips as according to this invention havingnon-radially aligned facet boundaries, which may also comprise a cuttingedge, will cause a spin or rotational force to be exerted uponcorresponding arrowheads in such a similar manner as do non-radiallyaligned opened cutting blades.

[0211] Arrowhead 237 as illustrated in FIG. 101 has a plurality of threefacets 864, and a plurality of non-radially aligned linear facetboundaries 894 that connect to a forward leading end 1094 of thearrowhead by a plurality of radially aligned ridges 895. It is apparentthat ridges 895 may comprise, but not be limited to, facet boundaries asaccording to this invention. Blades 902 of arrowhead 237 are alsosubstantially non-radially aligned with the central longitudinal axis ofthe arrowhead.

[0212] Arrowhead 238 as illustrated in FIG. 102 has a plurality of threefacets 866, and a plurality of non-radially aligned curved facetboundaries 896 that connect to a forward leading end 1096 thereof.Blades 902 of arrowhead 237 are also substantially non-radially alignedwith the central longitudinal axis of the arrowhead. It is apparent thatfacets 862, 864 & 866 of arrowheads 236-238 may have any sloped exteriorfacet shape, such as is illustrated in FIGS. 103-105 or other variationsthereof.

[0213] FIGS. 106-108 illustrate an arrowhead 239 which has a pluralityof fixed-blades 344 removably attached in a plurality of blade slots738. It is apparent that the penetration enhancing forward leadingcutting edges or edge such as cutting edges 400 of blades 344 asaccording to this invention situated at least in part forward of a maincutting blade when a corresponding arrowhead is in a penetratingconfiguration may extend for any axial or elongate length uponcorresponding arrowhead bodies.

[0214] FIGS. 109-115 illustrate other arrowheads as according to thisinvention which have fixed-blades of similar lengths as blades 344 ofarrowhead 239.

[0215]FIG. 109 illustrates that it is apparent that a blade 346 with anaperture can be attached to an arrowhead similar to arrowhead 209 asillustrated in FIG. 28.

[0216]FIG. 110 illustrates that it is apparent that a blade of similarlength as blade 344 can be attached with an arrowhead similar toarrowhead 219 as illustrated in FIGS. 64-68.

[0217] FIGS. 111-113 illustrate that a blade 348 having a bent portion470 can be attached with an arrowhead 240 which is similar to arrowhead225 as illustrated in FIGS. 76-82. Arrowhead 240 has an arrowhead tip816 that has a substantially longer shaft 832 than shaft 830 ofarrowhead tip 814 which is received in an accompanying substantiallyelongate longer cylinder or bore having at least an internal sectionthereof threaded.

[0218] It is apparent that the internal cylinders or bores of arrowheadsas according to this invention, including ones that are substantiallycentrally oriented about an accompanying arrowhead central longitudinalarrowhead axis, may extend for any elongate length within theircorresponding arrowhead bodies, including to a distance substantiallynear an accompanying arrowshaft contacting surface.

[0219]FIGS. 114 & 115 illustrate that a blade 350 having a bent portion470 can be attached with an arrowhead 241 which is similar to arrowhead215 as illustrated in FIGS. 48-52.

[0220]FIGS. 116 & 117 illustrate an arrowhead 242 which has an arrowheadbody 640 and a plurality of fixed-blades 352 removably attached in aplurality of blade slots 740. Each pivotal blade 902 is pivotallyconnected within a blade slot 760 which has a forward wider section 760a and a rearward narrower section 760 b. Each rearward slot section 760b is preferably substantially not less in width than the thickness of ablade 902 so as to hold each blade 902 relatively snugly therein and totherefore prevent any undesired blade wobble upon target penetration.Each forward slot section 760 a is preferably substantially of a widthwide enough so as to allow each blade 902 to be folded into a retractedor closed in-flight position adjacent arrowhead body 640 such thatarrowhead 242 maintains an aerodynamically favorable in-flight profile.

[0221]FIGS. 118 & 119 illustrate a blade 354 and a blade 356 that eachhave a leg 404 disposed thereon at a location substantially forward oftheir rear end sections. Cutting edge 400 of blade 356 has a forwardsection 400 a and a rearward section 400 b, which do not have at least alinear section thereof collinear with one another. Arrowhead blades 354& 356 could be attached to the arrowhead body of arrowhead 239 asillustrated in FIG. 106 which would produce arrowheads having frictionreducing or penetration enhancing forward leading cutting edges similarto that which arrowhead 242 sports.

[0222] FIGS. 120-122 illustrate that it is apparent that substantiallyelongate blades such as a blade 358 and a blade 360 with set screwreceiving apertures can be attached to an arrowhead in a similar manneras blades 308 are attached to arrowhead 209 as illustrated in FIG. 28.

[0223] FIGS. 123-128 illustrate other arrowheads as according to thisinvention which have fixed-blades of a similar length as blades 352 ofarrowhead 242.

[0224] FIGS. 123-125 illustrate that a blade 362 or a blade 364 eachwith a bent portion 470 can be attached to an arrowhead 243 or othersimilar arrowheads which are similar to arrowhead 240 as illustrated inFIGS. 111-113. FIGS. 126-128 illustrate that a blade 366 or a blade 368each with a bent portion 470 can be attached with an arrowhead 244 orother similar arrowheads which are similar to arrowhead 241 asillustrated in FIGS. 114 & 115.

[0225] It is apparent that the friction reducing forward leading cuttingedges or edge for enhanced penetration such as a cutting edge 400 asaccording to this invention situated at least in part forward of a maincutting blade when a corresponding arrowhead is in a penetratingconfiguration may project outward from the exterior surface of acorresponding arrowhead body a very small distance while serving toprovide the penetration enhancement desired results of this invention.

[0226]FIG. 129 illustrates an arrowhead 245 which is similar toarrowhead 242 as illustrated in FIG. 116 except that arrowhead 245utilizes a plurality of fixed-blades 357 which are at least in partsimilar to blade 356 as illustrated in FIG. 119.

[0227]FIG. 130 illustrates an arrowhead 246 which is similar toarrowhead 245 except that arrowhead 246 utilizes a plurality offixed-blades 370 which extend in axial or elongate length upon thearrowhead body thereof substantially less than that which blades 357 do.Arrowhead 246 has a plurality of slots 762 for housing the pivotalblades thereof, such that each slot 762 has a wider forward section 762a and a narrower rearward section 762 b.

[0228]FIGS. 131 & 132 illustrate an arrowhead 247 which has an arrowheadbody 646 and a plurality of fixed-blades 372 each with a hinge pinreceiving aperture 460 and a forward locking end 416. Arrowhead body 646has a plurality of blade slots 746 and a plurality of blade slots 764for receiving blades 372 and 902 respectively therein. Each cutting edge400 of blades 372 is not in coplanar alignment with the cutting edge 950of its corresponding paired adjacent pivotal blade 902. Each blade 902has a hinge pin receiving aperture 906 for receiving a hinge pin such aspartially threaded set screw 1010. Set screws 1010 pass throughapertures 906 and 460 when threaded into arrowhead body 646 so as toattach or secure the rear end of each blade 372 to arrowhead body 646 aswell as to pivotally connect blades 902 to arrowhead body 646.

[0229] It is apparent that the penetration enhancement forward leadingcutting edges or edge such as a cutting edge 400 as according to thisinvention situated at least in part forward of a main cutting blade whena corresponding arrowhead is in a penetrating configuration may extendsubstantially rearward to approximately near the forward most terminusor section of the cutting edge of a main arrowhead cutting blade, suchas near to a cutting edge 950 of a pivotal blade.

[0230] FIGS. 133-137 illustrate a fixed-blade 374 and a fixed-blade 376.Fixed-blade 374 has a set screw receiving aperture 458 in addition toaperture 460 for aiding in the attachment of blade 374 to acorresponding arrowhead body. Fixed-blade 376 has an aperture 462 inaddition to aperture 460 for aiding in the attachment of blade 376 to acorresponding arrowhead body. FIG. 137 illustrates that an annular ring1014 could be extended through aperture 462 of blade 376 when blade 376is attached to an arrowhead.

[0231] It is apparent that cutting blades such as fixed-blade 372 orother substantially elongate similar function providing blades may behoused in blades slots that are spaced apart a distance away from theblade slots of a corresponding arrowhead which house the main arrowheadcutting blades.

[0232] FIGS. 138-141 illustrate an arrowhead 248 and an arrowhead 249which are similar to arrowheads heretofore disclosed, except arrowheads248 & 249 utilize blades having hinge pin apertures 460 such as a blade378 or a blade 380.

[0233]FIG. 142 illustrates an arrowhead 250 which is similar toarrowhead 247 except that arrowhead 250 has a plurality of slots 766 forhousing main cutting pivotal blades 902 and forward leading penetrationenhancing cutting blades 372 therein. Therefore, arrowhead 250 onlyutilizes one blade slot 766 for housing each corresponding pair ofblades 372 & 902.

[0234]FIG. 143 illustrates an arrowhead 251 which is similar toarrowhead 250 except that arrowhead 251 has an arrowhead body 650 thathas a constant sloped taper from the rear end of its arrowhead tiprearward to the widest section 1076 of arrowhead body 650.

[0235]FIG. 144 illustrates an arrowhead 252 which is similar toarrowhead 247 of FIG. 131 except arrowhead 252 has a plurality offixed-blades 384 that each are similar at least in part to blades 356and 357 as previously disclosed.

[0236]FIG. 145 illustrates an arrowhead 253 which is similar toarrowhead 246 of FIG. 130 except arrowhead 253 has a plurality of bladeslots 752 that each have a substantially uniform width for their entireaxial or elongate length.

[0237]FIGS. 146 & 147 illustrate an arrowhead 254 which has a pluralityof fixed-blades 386 housed within a plurality of blade slots 740 and anannular rubber O-ring 1042 for blade retention seated within anexternally exposed annular recess 690. As is clearly illustrated in FIG.146 when arrowhead 254 is in an in-flight configuration the widestsection 1072 of each cutting edge 400 is situated closer to the centrallongitudinal axis of the arrowhead than the widest section 1074 of eachpivotal blade 902.

[0238]FIG. 148 illustrates an arrowhead 255 which is similar toarrowhead 254 except that arrowhead 255 has a plurality of ventedfixed-blades 388 each with a vent or cut-out section 430 and a pluralityof pivotal blades 908 each having a notch 960 formed therein forreceiving a conventional rubber O-ring which selectively retains orholds blades 908 in an in-flight configuration.

[0239]FIGS. 149 & 150 illustrate an arrowhead 256 with an arrowhead body652 that has a plurality of integral cutting protrusions 550 each with acutting edge 500 formed thereon. Each integral cutting protrusion 550 isintegrally fabricated or formed upon its arrowhead body 652 at least inpart during a manufacturing process or processes such as grinding and/orimpact swaging and/or milling etc. Each integral cutting protrusion 550as is clearly illustrated in FIG. 150 has a pair of primary bevels 510such as could substantially be, but not limited to, grind bevelsdisposed on either side thereof and a pair of side faces 520. As isillustrated in FIG. 149 each cutting edge 500 is substantially incoplanar alignment with a cutting edge 950 of a corresponding pivotalblade.

[0240] As referenced in a plane perpendicular to the centrallongitudinal axis of arrowhead 256 the location upon each integralcutting protrusion 550 where the exterior surface of arrowhead body 652(and therefore the external surface of each integral cutting protrusion550) changes slope either marks the boundary or junction of a primarybevel 510 with a side face 520, or the boundary of a side face 520 withthe junction of the arrowhead body 652 that is not comprised of anintegral cutting protrusion 550, or the cutting edge boundary 500 withopposing primary bevels 510 on either side thereof. As is clearlyillustrated in FIG. 150 at least a section of the exterior surface ofarrowhead body 652 that is not comprised of an integral cuttingprotrusion 550 extends between each integral cutting protrusion 550.

[0241] It is apparent that integral cutting protrusions as according tothis invention could consist essentially of only one side face 520 andone primary bevel 510 in addition to a cutting edge 500, or thatintegral cutting protrusions as according to this invention couldconsist essentially of only two side faces 520 in addition to a cuttingedge 500, or that integral cutting protrusions as according to thisinvention could be comprised of other combinations of the variouscomponents of the integral cutting protrusions as according to thisinvention as disclosed within this specification.

[0242] Cutting edges 500 of the integral cutting protrusions asaccording to this invention serve to provide substantially the samefunction as cutting edges 400 as has been taught herein, in that cuttingedges 500 act as forward leading cutting edges which are situated atleast in part forward of a main cutting blade when a correspondingarrowhead is in a penetrating configuration so as to provideaerodynamically favorable arrowheads that enhance penetration byreducing the frictional drag that otherwise would of been generatedbetween an arrowhead and target material by cutting such target materialin front of the main cutting blade(s) during penetration.

[0243] FIGS. 151-162 illustrate arrowheads 257-268 which disclose avariety of different arrowhead bodies and differing integral cuttingprotrusion examples as according to this invention. Such arrowheads areonly considered examples of integral cutting protrusion as according tothis invention and are not intended to be an all inclusive exhaustivecollection thereof. Although the cross-sectional views of arrowheads257-268 are taken substantially in a plane perpendicular to the centrallongitudinal axises of corresponding arrowheads so as to not intersectcorresponding blades slots of the arrowheads, it is apparent that suchcross-sectional views could also intersect corresponding blade slots andthus illustrate yet other arrowheads as according to this invention.

[0244] It is apparent that the arrowhead bodies of the arrowheads asaccording to this invention may be comprised of sharpenable materialssuch as composites or other organic polymers, metals particularly steelssuch as carbon steels, high carbon steels, various stainless steelsand/or chrome-moly steels, carbides or other metals such as the variousaluminum, titanium and vanadium alloys. It is apparent that thearrowhead bodies as according to this invention may be hardened in heattreating processes and that the integral cutting protrusions asaccording to this invention may be heat treated and/or hardened so as toretain an optimally desirable cutting edge as is according to thedesired results of this invention. It is yet further apparent thatarrowhead bodies as according to this invention being fabricated fromcomposite or other moldable polymeric type materials including thosecombinable with matrix reinforcing elements may have cutting bladesmolded with such arrowhead bodies or arrowheads as is according to thisinvention.

[0245] It is within the desired results of this invention to provide acutting edge located forward of a main cutting blade when anaccompanying arrowhead is in a penetrating configuration that is assharp as a virgin ground, honed and stropped razor edge. However, it isapparent that obtaining such a fine or razor sharp cutting edge asaccording to this invention is not of necessity a requirement for thearrowheads as according to this invention. For example, an edge orequivalent that cuts regardless of its sharpness located forward of amain cutting blade, when an accompanying arrowhead is in a penetratingconfiguration, that enhances penetration and/or reduces frictional dragin such a manner so that the arrowhead performs better in such desiredobjective traits than it would of otherwise performed without theforwardly located cutting edge(s) as according to this invention willmeet the desired results of this invention.

[0246] Referring again to FIGS. 151-162 and arrowheads 257-268, FIG. 152illustrates arrowhead 258 having a plurality of integral cuttingprotrusions 552 that each have a pair of primary bevels 510 and acutting edge 500.

[0247]FIG. 153 illustrates an arrowhead 259 having a plurality ofintegral cutting protrusions 554 that each have a pair of primary bevels510, a pair of side faces 520, a pair of secondary bevels 530 whichcould be identified as but not limited to hone bevels, and a cuttingedge 500. Side faces 520 of each integral cutting protrusion 554 aresubstantially parallel to each other.

[0248] For the integral cutting protrusions as according to thisinvention having a pair of hone bevels 530 or secondary bevels or onlyone hone bevel 530 in addition to a primary bevel 510 and/or a side face520 or equivalents it is apparent that a change in slope of the exteriorsurface of the corresponding arrowhead body will also mark the junctionor boundary of a hone bevel 530 with an adjoining different slopedexterior surface component of the integral cutting protrusion or otherarrowhead structure.

[0249]FIG. 155 illustrates an arrowhead 260 having a plurality ofintegral cutting protrusions 556 that each have a pair of primary bevels510, a pair of side faces 520 and a cutting edge 500. Side faces 520 ofeach integral cutting protrusion 556 are substantially not parallel toeach other.

[0250] Arrowhead 261 as illustrated in FIG. 156 has a plurality ofintegral cutting protrusions 558 which are similar to integral cuttingprotrusions 552. Arrowhead 265 as illustrated in FIG. 158 has aplurality of integral cutting protrusions 564 which are substantiallythe exposed corners of the conjunction of adjoining convex portions ofthe arrowhead body. Arrowhead 266 as illustrated in FIG. 161 has aplurality of integral cutting protrusions 560. And arrowhead 267 asillustrated in FIG. 159 has a plurality of integral cutting protrusions562. It is apparent that an arrowhead tip as according to this inventioncould have a cross-section depicting a plurality of three convex facetssuch as is illustrated in FIG. 158.

[0251]FIGS. 163 & 164 illustrate an arrowhead 269 having a plurality ofintegral cutting protrusions 566 that each have a pair of primary bevels510, a pair of side faces 520, and a cutting edge 500 thereon. As isillustrated by line 1070 which is parallel to the central longitudinalaxis of arrowhead 269, the widest section 1072 of each integral cuttingprotrusion cutting edge 500 is further from the central longitudinalaxis of the arrowhead than is the widest section 1076 of the arrowheadbody that is located rearward of cutting protrusions 566.

[0252] FIGS. 165-180 illustrate cross-sectional views of arrowheads270-285 and disclose a variety of different arrowhead bodies anddifferent integral cutting protrusion examples as according to thisinvention. Arrowheads 270-285 all have non-radially aligned main cuttingblade slots 779 as is clearly identified in FIG. 165. Although slots 779are shown in dotted lines which illustrates that the cross-sections aretaken perpendicularly substantially so as to not intersects blade slots779 of arrowheads 270-285 it is apparent that the cross-sectional viewsas illustrated in FIGS. 165-180 could be illustrative of arrowheadperpendicular sections having slots such as slots 779 disposedexplicitly in such cross-sections or other slot configurations as taughtherein or as known in the art, and thus FIGS. 165-180 could alsoillustrate other arrowheads as according to this invention.

[0253]FIG. 169 illustrates an arrowhead 274 which has a plurality ofintegral cutting protrusions 568 that each have a pair of primary bevels510, a pair of side faces 520 and a cutting edge 500. Arrowhead 274 hasa plurality of non-cutting surface sections 666 and a plurality of threeflats 664 each containing a plurality of integral cutting protrusions568 thereon. A straight line 1078 positioned so as to lay against butnot intersect the exterior surfaces of two non-cutting surfaces 666 ofarrowhead 274 does not substantially have any portion of an integralcutting protrusion 568 extending or projecting outwardly therebeyond ona side of line 1078 opposite the side thereof that the centrallongitudinal axis of arrowhead 274 is located on.

[0254]FIG. 172 illustrates an arrowhead 277 which is similar toarrowhead 274 except that arrowhead 277 has a plurality of integralcutting protrusions 570 that each have only a pair of primary bevels 510and a cutting edge 500. At least a section of the exterior surface ofthe arrowhead body of arrowhead 277 that is not comprised of an integralcutting protrusion 570 extends between each integral cutting protrusion570.

[0255] It is apparent that arrowheads as according to this inventionwhich are similar to arrowhead 274 or arrowhead 277 could exist whereinin place of flats 664 an arrowhead could have a convexity or a concavityor another shaped exterior surface equivalent such that a non-linear ornon-straight line that performs the function of line 1078, which has theexact slope or slopes or shape as the non-flat other shaped exteriorsurface could be used to describe or teach such other arrowheads as line1078 does for arrowheads disclosed herein.

[0256]FIGS. 181 & 182 illustrate an arrowhead 286 having a plurality ofintegral cutting protrusions 572 that are inclined at an angle relativeto the central longitudinal axis of arrowhead 286 so as to inducespinning on the arrowhead when penetrating a target.

[0257]FIGS. 183 & 184 illustrate an arrowhead 287 having a plurality ofintegral cutting protrusions 574, a forward leading end 1098 and anintegral arrowhead tip 818 having a plurality of facet boundaries 871each with a cutting edge formed thereon. It is apparent that arrowheadtip 818 may have convex facets or flat facets or concave facets.

[0258]FIGS. 185 & 186 illustrate an arrowhead 288 having a plurality ofintegral cutting protrusions 576 that extend elongately rearward near tothe forward most section or terminus of cutting edges 950 when arrowhead288 is in a penetrating configuration. Each integral cutting protrusion576 has a forward cutting edge section 500 a and a rearward cutting edgesection 500 b. As is illustrated in FIG. 186 integral cuttingprotrusions 576 are non-radially aligned with the central longitudinalaxis of the arrowhead.

[0259] FIGS. 187-193 illustrate cross-sectional views of arrowheads289-295 and disclose a variety of different arrowhead bodies anddifferent integral cutting protrusion examples as according to thisinvention. Arrowheads 289-295 each have a plurality of integral cuttingprotrusions that are radially aligned with the central longitudinalaxises of their corresponding arrowhead bodies. Arrowhead 290 asillustrated in FIG. 188 has non-radially aligned main cutting bladeslots 776 a which cause corresponding main cutting blades when in apenetrating configuration to produce a right handed spinning force onarrowhead 290. Arrowhead 295 as illustrated in FIG. 193 has non-radiallyaligned main cutting blade slots 776 b which cause corresponding maincutting blades when in a penetrating configuration to produce a lefthanded spinning force on arrowhead 295.

[0260]FIGS. 194 & 195 illustrate an arrowhead 296 that has an arrowheadbody 662 and a plurality of integral cutting protrusions 582 that extendelongately rearward near to the forward most section or terminus ofcutting edges 950. Arrowhead body 662 has a constant sloped taper fromthe rear end of its arrowhead tip rearward to the widest section 1076thereof. This is in contrast to arrowhead 288 as illustrated in FIG. 185which does not have such constant slope tapered integral cuttingprotrusions 576.

[0261] The arrowheads as according to this invention overcomedeficiencies inherent in prior art arrowheads by providing arrowheadsthat enhance penetration and reduce the frictional drag that otherwisewould of been generated between an arrowhead and target material bycutting such target material in front of the main cutting blades duringtarget penetration.

[0262] Although the main cutting blades of the arrowheads of thisinvention have been depicted as pivotal blades only throughout thisspecification, it is apparent that fixed blades could be used as maincutting blades as according to this invention.

[0263] Although the preferred embodiments of this invention have beendepicted as having a plurality of three pivotal blades or main cuttingblades each, with only one blade disposed in each corresponding bladeslot, it is apparent that the arrowheads according to this invention mayhave any number of main cutting blades and any number of forward leadingpenetration enhancing cutting blades or cutting edges as according tothis invention, with more than one being preferred. It is also apparentthat more than one blade may be housed or contained in a single bladeslot—particularly where a straight hinge pin has a plurality of at leasttwo blades attached thereon.

[0264] It is apparent that the different and various elements of thisinvention may be made of light weight and strong materials, such ascomposites, organic polymers, resilient materials, aluminum alloys,titanium alloys, stainless steels and other metals and materials. It isalso apparent that the arrowhead bodies of the arrowheads of thisinvention may be fastened to the forward end of an arrow shaft by anymethod, such as threading into an insert, or glueing thereon.

[0265] It is apparent that the different parts and elements and theirequivalents of the arrowheads of this invention, as discussed above andaccording to other preferred embodiments of this invention, can bechanged, or interchanged, or eliminated, or duplicated, or made ofdifferent materials, and connected to or associated with adjacentelements in different manners, other than suggested herein, withoutdeterring from the desired results of the arrowheads of this invention.For example, arrowheads having at least in part features as disclosed inthis specification may be combined with features of the embodiments andspirit of the arrowheads and cutting tips incorporated herein byspecific reference.

[0266] It is to be understood that the present invention is not limitedto the sole embodiments described above, as will be apparent to thoseskilled in the art, but encompasses the essence of all embodiments, andtheir legal equivalents, within the scope of the following claims.

I claim:
 1. An arrowhead comprising: (a) an elongated body having acentral longitudinal axis, a forward leading end and an opposingrearward end; (b) a moveable blade mounted to the body, the moveableblade having a first end disposed closer to the forward end of theelongated body than is an opposing second end of the moveable blade whenthe arrowhead is in an in-flight configuration; (c) a second bladefixedly attached to the body adjacent the forward leading end thereof,and (d) a shaft extending into the body and contacting with the secondblade, wherein the first end of the moveable blade is externally exposedfrom the elongated body when the arrowhead is in the in-flightconfiguration.
 2. An arrowhead as recited in claim 1 wherein the firstend of the moveable blade rotates in a rearward direction when movingbetween the in-flight configuration to a penetrating configuration. 3.An arrowhead as recited in claim 2 wherein the moveable blade rotatesbetween an angle greater than 90 degrees when moving from the in-flightconfiguration to the penetrating configuration.
 4. An arrowhead asrecited in claim 1 wherein the first end of the moveable blade isblunted.
 5. An arrowhead as recited in claim 1 wherein at least asection of the shaft is threaded.
 6. An arrowhead as recited in claim 1wherein in the elongated body is a single structural entity.
 7. Anarrowhead as recited in claim 6 wherein the elongated body is fabricatedfrom aluminum.
 8. An arrowhead as recited in claim 6 wherein theelongated body has a plurality of shafts attached thereto.
 9. Anarrowhead as recited in claim 1 further comprising a first blade slotand a second blade slot, the moveable blade being housed at least inpart within the first blade slot and the second blade being housed atleast in part within the second blade slot, wherein the rearward mostportion of the second blade slot is displaced forward of the forwardmost section of the first blade slot.
 10. An arrowhead as recited inclaim 9 wherein a line parallel to the central longitudinal axis of theelongated body intersects both blade slots.
 11. An arrowhead as recitedin claim 10 wherein the elongated body is a single structural entity.12. An arrowhead as recited in claim 1 wherein the second blade and themoveable blade each comprise a cutting edge, the arrowhead beingconfigured such that at least a section of the second blade cutting edgeextends forward of the moveable blade cutting edge when the arrowhead isin a penetrating configuration, wherein when the arrowhead is in thein-flight configuration the perpendicular distance from the centrallongitudinal axis to the furthest section of the moveable blade from thecentral longitudinal axis is longer than the perpendicular distance thefurthest section of the second blade cutting edge is displaced from thecentral longitudinal axis.
 13. An arrowhead comprising: (a) a forwardleading end; (b) a section that abuts against the forward end of anarrrowshaft or an arrowshaft insert when the arrowhead is attached to anarrowshaft; (c) an elongated body having a central longitudinal axis;(d) a moveable blade mounted to the body, the moveable blade having afirst end disposed closer to the forward leading end of the arrowheadthan is an opposing second end of the moveable blade when the arrowheadis in an in-flight configuration, the first end of the moveable bladebeing externally exposed from the elongated body when the arrowhead isin the in-flight configuration; and (e) a second blade attached to thebody, the second blade having a cutting edge and being configured uponthe arrowhead such that at least a section thereof is disposed forwardof at least a section of the moveable blade, wherein when the arrowheadis in a penetrating configuration a rearward most end of the cuttingedge of the second blade is displaced closer to the forward leading endof the arrowhead than to the section of the arrowhead that abuts againstthe arrrowshaft or arrowshaft insert when the arrowhead is attached toan arrowshaft.
 14. An arrowhead as recited in claim 13 wherein thesecond blade is disposed adjacent a forward leading end of the elongatedbody.
 15. An arrowhead as recited in claim 13 wherein when the at leasta section of the second blade is disposed forward of at least a sectionof the moveable blade the arrowhead is in the penetrating configuration.16. An arrowhead as recited in claim 13 wherein when the at least asection of the second blade is disposed forward of at least a section ofthe moveable blade the arrowhead is in the in-flight configuration. 17.An arrowhead as recited in claim 13 wherein the second blade is anon-vented blade.
 18. An arrowhead as recited in claim 13 wherein thesecond blade is fixedly attached to the elongated body.
 19. An arrowheadas recited in claim 18 wherein a shaft is extended at least in partthrough the elongated body and through an aperture in the second blade.20. An arrowhead as recited in claim 19 wherein the shaft is a setscrew.
 21. An arrowhead as recited in claim 13 wherein the section ofthe arrowhead that abuts against the arrowshaft is a portion of theelongated body.
 22. An arrowhead as recited in claim 13 furthercomprising a first blade slot and a second blade slot, the moveableblade being housed at least in part within the first blade slot and thesecond blade being housed at least in part within the second blade slot,wherein a line parallel to the central longitudinal axis of theelongated body intersects both blade slots.
 23. An arrowhead as recitedin claim 22 wherein the rearward most portion of the second blade slotis displaced forward of the forward most section of the first bladeslot.
 24. An arrowhead as recited in claim 22 wherein in the elongatedbody is a single structural entity.
 25. An arrowhead as recited in claim13 wherein the second blade and the moveable blade each comprise acutting edge, the arrowhead being configured such that at least asection of the second blade cutting edge extends forward of the moveableblade cutting edge when the arrowhead is in the penetratingconfiguration, wherein when the arrowhead is in the in-flightconfiguration the perpendicular distance from the central longitudinalaxis to the furthest section of the moveable blade from the centrallongitudinal axis is longer than the perpendicular distance the furthestsection of the second blade cutting edge is displaced from the centrallongitudinal axis.
 26. An arrowhead comprising: (a) a forward leadingend; (b) a section that abuts against the forward end of an arrrowshaftor an arrowshaft insert when the arrowhead is attached to an arrowshaft;(c) an elongated body having a central longitudinal axis; (d) a moveableblade mounted to the body, the moveable blade having a first enddisposed closer to the forward leading end of the arrowhead than is anopposing second end of the moveable blade when the arrowhead is in anin-flight configuration, the first end of the moveable blade beingexternally exposed from the elongated body when the arrowhead is in thein-flight configuration; and (e) a second blade attached to the bodysuch that a rearward most externally exposed section thereof is disposedforward of the first end of the moveable blade when the arrowhead is inthe in-flight configuration, wherein when the arrowhead is in apenetrating configuration a rearward most end of the cutting edge of thesecond blade is displaced closer to the forward leading end of thearrowhead than to the section of the arrowhead that abuts against thearrrowshaft or arrowshaft insert when the arrowhead is attached to anarrowshaft.
 27. An arrowhead as recited in claim 26 wherein the firstend of the moveable blade is blunted.
 28. An arrowhead as recited inclaim 26 wherein at least a section of the first end of the moveableblade is convexly curved.
 29. An arrowhead as recited in claim 26further comprising a first blade slot and a second blade slot, themoveable blade being housed at least in part within the first blade slotand the second blade being housed at least in part within the secondblade slot, wherein a line parallel to the central longitudinal axis ofthe elongated body intersects both blade slots.
 30. An arrowhead asrecited in claim 29 wherein the rearward most portion of the secondblade slot is displaced forward of the forward most section of the firstblade slot.
 31. An arrowhead as recited in claim 29 wherein theelongated body is a single structural entity.
 32. An arrowhead asrecited in claim 26 wherein the second blade is fixedly attached to theelongated body.
 33. An arrowhead as recited in claim 32 wherein a shaftis extended at least in part through the elongated body and through anaperture in the second blade.
 34. An arrowhead as recited in claim 26wherein the second blade and the moveable blade each comprise a cuttingedge, the arrowhead being configured such that at least a section of thesecond blade cutting edge extends forward of the moveable blade cuttingedge when the arrowhead is in the penetrating configuration, whereinwhen the arrowhead is in the in-flight configuration the perpendiculardistance from the central longitudinal axis to the furthest section ofthe moveable blade from the central longitudinal axis is longer than theperpendicular distance the furthest section of the second blade cuttingedge is displaced from the central longitudinal axis.